Mn(II) deposition on anodes and its effects on capacity
Sep 30 2013 · Spinel LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) has been considered as one of the most attractive cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries in many respects such
Get Price
Influence of Silica and Magnesia on In Situ Spinel
The present study was carried out to determine the effects of cement content along with varying additions of medium and fine particles in added magnesia on in situ spinel formation in an alumina
Get Price
FIRE Compendium Series Vol. 1 Refractory Castable
Post-mortem evaluation of a pre-formed spinel composition 509 2.3. Mastering the microstructure to optimize the pre-formed spinel castable properties 513 3. Formulation design with in situ spinel formation 530 3.1. Mechanism of in situ spinel formation 531 3.2. Mastering the microstructure to optimize the spinel-forming castable properties 537 4.
Get Price
(PDF) Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO
However the effects of in-situ spinel seed content through solid-state reaction of MgO-rich MgAl 2 O 4 spinel on crystallization and densification behavior are limited. In the present work a wide range of MgO-rich spinel was prepared from their constituent solid-oxides through calcination at different temperatures.
Get Price
ORMULATION OF PINEL CASTABLES AND THE MPACT OF
in-situ spinel forming castables containing magnesia. For results on flow decay for in-situ spinel forming castables please refer to our previous publications /5 6/. The rest of the paper will focus upon the preformed spinel castables. In the case of the preformed spinel castables it is clear that the working time needs to be increased
Get Price
In situ investigation of atmospheric plasma-sprayed Mn–Co
Jun 19 2020 · Ex situ annealing tests of APS-MCF coatings presented in revealed an elemental de-mixing and the formation of a Co-rich spinel oxide layer at the sample surface. Due to this cobalt enrichment it was assumed that the oxidation proceeds by the outward diffusion of cations via vacancies.
Get Price
Catalytic C–C and C–Heteroatom Bond Formation Reactions
In situ generated catalysts and preformed catalysts are two practical strategies widely used in cross-coupling methodology that have long been considered to involve the same active species in the catalytic cycle. Recent mechanistic studies have revealed two fundamentally different pictures of catalytic reactions in solution. Preformed catalysts with strongly bound ligands initiate
Get Price
(PDF) In-situ formation or pre-formed spinel addition
XRD studies showed higher amount of in situ spinel formation in A5. The lattice constants of spinels in A5 AR and R5 were respectively 8.0348 8.0688 and 8.0847 Å.
Get Price
Technical PaperSECAR
The difference between the castables with pre-formed spinel (MA1 MA2) and those with in-situ spinel formation (M1 M2) can easily be seen in Fig.2. While both MA1 and MA2 keep high volume stability those with free MgO (namely M1 M2) show a significant permanent linear change after firing at 1550°C due to the in-situ spinel formation.
Get Price
Evolution of in Situ Refractories in the 20th Century
The history of refractories during the 20th century is used in this review to illustrate how techniques‐such as slag splashing in situ spinel generation in castables magnesia dense layer formation in magnesia‐carbon brick in steelmaking clinker adhesion in cement kilns and viscous boundary layer generation in glass tanks‐have evolved
Get Price
Evolution of in Situ Refractories in the 20th Century
The history of refractories during the 20th century is used in this review to illustrate how techniques‐such as slag splashing in situ spinel generation in castables magnesia dense layer formation in magnesia‐carbon brick in steelmaking clinker adhesion in cement kilns and viscous boundary layer generation in glass tanks‐have evolved
Get Price
Improved Corrosion Resistance of Alumina-Spinel Castable
Improved Corrosion Resistance of Alumina-Spinel Castable by Colloidal Alumina Addition. E.Y. Sako 1 V.C. Pandolfelli 1 E. Zinngrebe 2 S. van der Laan 2 M.A.L. Braulio 3. 1 Federal University of São Carlos Materials Microstructural Engineering Group (FIRE Associate Laboratory) São Carlos/Brazil 2 Tata Steel Europe RD T Ceramics Research Centre 1970–1976 IJmuiden/The
Get Price
Effects of cement and magnesia fines on in situ spinel
Effects of cement and magnesia fines on in situ spinel formation in alumina–magnesia castable. The present study was carried out to determine the effects of cement content along with varying additions of medium and fine particles in added magnesia on in situ spinel formation in
Get Price
ORMULATION OF PINEL CASTABLES AND THE MPACT OF
in-situ spinel forming castables containing magnesia. For results on flow decay for in-situ spinel forming castables please refer to our previous publications /5 6/. The rest of the paper will focus upon the preformed spinel castables. In the case of the preformed spinel castables it is clear that the working time needs to be increased
Get Price
Improvement of Resistance of MgO-Based Refractory to Slag
MgO-in situ spinel substrate was prepared at 1773 K (1500 °C) using colloidal alumina suspension and coarse MgO as raw materials. While the addition of 10 mass pct colloidal alumina had limited effect addition of 20 mass pct colloidal alumina into the MgO matrix improved greatly the resistance of the substrate against the slag penetration at 1873 K (1600 °C).
Get Price
Improved Corrosion Resistance of Alumina-Spinel Castable
Sako E.Y. et al. The impact of pre-formed and in situ spinel formation on the physical properties of cement-bonded high-alumina refractory castables.
Get Price
FIRE Compendium Series Vol. 1 Refractory Castable
Post-mortem evaluation of a pre-formed spinel composition 509 2.3. Mastering the microstructure to optimize the pre-formed spinel castable properties 513 3. Formulation design with in situ spinel formation 530 3.1. Mechanism of in situ spinel formation 531 3.2. Mastering the microstructure to optimize the spinel-forming castable properties 537 4.
Get Price
Formation of podiform chromitites by melt/rock interaction
Sep 28 2013 · High-Cr and high-Al podiform chromitites are derived from melts formed by high and low degrees of partial melting in the upper mantle respectively. The close association of the chromitites regardless of compositions with dunites and harzburgites can be explained by interaction between melts and harzburgites or depleted lherzolites in the upper mantle.
Get PriceEffect of reaction environment and in situ formation of
In this work we investigate the effect of the reaction environment and the in situ formation of an iron precursor on the synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) through thermal decomposition. Spherical IONPs with a spinel Fe 3−x O 4 structure were synthesized reproducibly through the thermal decomposition of iron stearate (Fe(stearate) 2) assisted by oleic acid in octyl ether or
Get Price
Spinel s springIndustrial Minerals
Jul 25 2011 · Ricardo Mosci RefrAmerica LLC also underlined some disadvantages of in-situ spinel use "While pre-formed spinels can be added to magnesia spinel bricks up to 20 the amount of in-situ spinel that a brick tolerates is limited because the spinelisation reaction occurs with volumetric change.
Get Price
The Impact of In Situ-Formed Spinel on the Porosity of No
The paper focuses on the determination of how in-situ formed magnesia-alumina spinel (MA spinel) content in corundum refractory castables influences the final properties and pore size distribution of no-cement refractory castables. The motivation for this research was the continued pressure on increasing the utility properties of refractory castables namely their corrosion resistance to blast
Get Price
Mn(II) deposition on anodes and its effects on capacity
Sep 30 2013 · Spinel LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) has been considered as one of the most attractive cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries in many respects such
Get Price
Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich
May 10 2007 · Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich MgAl2O4 composite Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich MgAl2O4 composite Mohapatra Deepak Sarkar Debasish 00 00 00 J Mater Sci (2007) 42 7286–7293 DOI 10.1007/s Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich MgAl O 2 4 composite Deepak Mohapatra Æ Debasish
Get PriceInfluence of the Method of Reagent Addition on
Formation of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) in natural waters was evaluated for different disinfection scenarios including application of free chlorine preformed monochloramine or dichloramine or formation of chloramines in situ by addition of free chlorine and ammonia in either order. Formation of DCAN was highest during free chlorination. Regardless of the order of ammonia or chlorine
Get Price
The Impact of In Situ-Formed Spinel on the Porosity of No
The paper focuses on the determination of how in-situ formed magnesia-alumina spinel (MA spinel) content in corundum refractory castables influences the final properties and pore size distribution of no-cement refractory castables. The motivation for this research was the continued pressure on increasing the utility properties of refractory castables namely their corrosion resistance to blast
Get Price
Study on the effect of the effect of different raw
Activation was done in impact and friction mill which reduced the spinel formation temperature. 10 Xiang and Hug prepared spinel from natural materials with additions of Fe 2 O 3 CaO and TiO 2. Expect spinel phase they also found few silicates titaneous and ferrous minerals. Mineral composition was found to be changed with the different oxide
Get PriceEffect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich
May 10 2007 · Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich MgAl2O4 composite Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich MgAl2O4 composite Mohapatra Deepak Sarkar Debasish 00 00 00 J Mater Sci (2007) 42 7286–7293 DOI 10.1007/s Effect of in situ spinel seeding on synthesis of MgO-rich MgAl O 2 4 composite Deepak Mohapatra Æ Debasish
Get Price
Spinel In-situ versus PreformedClearing the Myth
ume increase of 7 9 as result of the spinel formation from the compounds is a charac-teristic that needs consideration when for-mulating castables with in-situ spinel forma-tion. 4 In-situ versus preformed spinel The formulation of castables containing pre-reacted spinel and that of spinel forming alumina-magnesia castables require in
Get Price
Technical PaperSECAR
The difference between the castables with pre-formed spinel (MA1 MA2) and those with in-situ spinel formation (M1 M2) can easily be seen in Fig.2. While both MA1 and MA2 keep high volume stability those with free MgO (namely M1 M2) show a significant permanent linear change after firing at 1550°C due to the in-situ spinel formation.
Get Price
